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	<title>CiscoZine &#187; Advanced configuration</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.ciscozine.com/tag/advanced-configuration/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.ciscozine.com</link>
	<description>Daily reporting on Cisco technology</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Thu, 02 Feb 2012 08:50:21 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<item>
		<title>IP traffic export: how to mirror traffic on a router</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/11/17/ip-traffic-export-how-to-mirror-traffic-on-a-router/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/11/17/ip-traffic-export-how-to-mirror-traffic-on-a-router/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Nov 2011 20:41:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dump]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IP traffic export]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SPAN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wireshark]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=910</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) feature, which is sometimes called port mirroring or port monitoring, selects network traffic, from a switched port, for analysis by a network analyzer. Unfotunately this feature works only on switches or switches Layer3. And in a router, what can I do to copy the traffic? In a previous article, I explained the Embedded Packet Capture, a powerful feature to capture data packets directly on the NVRAM. Another good solution is the &#8216;IP traffic export&#8216;. Introduced in 12.3(4)T IOS, the IP Traffic Export feature allows users to configure their router to export IP packets that are [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/11/17/ip-traffic-export-how-to-mirror-traffic-on-a-router/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>EPC: an Embedded Packet Capture</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/06/22/epc-an-embedded-packet-capture/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/06/22/epc-an-embedded-packet-capture/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Jun 2011 12:45:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dump]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EPC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wireshark]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=878</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Started with IOS 12.4(20)T version, EPC or Embedded Packet Capture, is a powerful feature to capture data packets flowing through, to, and from, a Cisco router. In contrast with SPAN feature, EPC permits to save the dump directly on the NVRAM and for this reason, Embedded Packet Capture is useful whenever a network protocol analyzer might be useful in debugging a problem, but when it&#8217;s not practical to install such a device. The features are: The ability to capture IPv4 and IPv6 packets in the Cisco Express Forwarding path A flexible method for specifying the capture buffer size and type [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/06/22/epc-an-embedded-packet-capture/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Speed up your reload</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/04/30/speed-up-your-reload/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/04/30/speed-up-your-reload/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Apr 2011 12:18:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reload]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=871</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[How long does it take to reload your router? 3 or 4 minutes? Do you know that is possible to speed up your reboot? If your answer is negative, read how warm reload is faster than cold (classic) reload. Introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(2)T, the warm reload feature allows users to reload their routers without reading images from storage. That is, the Cisco IOS image reboots without ROM monitor mode (ROMMON) intervention by restoring the read-write data from a previously saved copy in the RAM and by starting execution without either copying the image from flash to RAM or [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2011/04/30/speed-up-your-reload/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Send email from your router using EEM</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/12/17/send-email-from-your-router-using-eem/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/12/17/send-email-from-your-router-using-eem/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Dec 2010 17:49:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Applet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EEM]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Email]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Syslog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=841</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Cisco IOS Embedded Event Manager (EEM) is a powerful and flexible subsystem that provides real-time network event detection and onboard automation. It gives you the ability to adapt the behavior of your network devices to align with your business needs. Customers can use EEM to create and run programs or scripts directly on a router or switch. The scripts are referred to as EEM Policies and can be programmed using a simpleCLI-based interface or using a scripting language called Tool Command Language (TCL). EEM allows customers to harness the significant intelligence within Cisco IOS Softwareto respond to real-time events, automate [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/12/17/send-email-from-your-router-using-eem/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Cron? no Kron :)</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/11/22/cron-no-kron/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/11/22/cron-no-kron/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Nov 2010 18:55:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kron]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=818</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Cron is a time-based job scheduler in Unix-like computer operating systems. The name cron comes from the word &#8220;chronos&#8221;, Greek for &#8220;time&#8221;. Cron enables users to schedule jobs (commands or shell scripts) to run periodically at certain times or dates. It is commonly used to automate system maintenance or administration, though its general-purpose nature means that it can be used for other purposes, such as connecting to the Internet and downloading email. What can I use to schedule a script or a command in Cisco? The kron feature Kron provides the ability to schedule some EXEC command-line interface (CLI) commands [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/11/22/cron-no-kron/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Using regular expressions with the &#8216;Show&#8217; command</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/10/06/using-regular-expressions-with-the-show-command/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/10/06/using-regular-expressions-with-the-show-command/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Oct 2010 22:12:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Regular expressions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=815</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Do you remember the &#8220;Cisco regular expressions&#8221; tutorial? A regular expression is entered as part of a command and is a pattern made up of symbols, letters, and numbers that represent an input string for matching (or sometimes not matching). Matching the string to the specified pattern is called pattern matching. Pattern matching either succeeds or fails. If a regular expression can match two different parts of an input string, it will match the earliest part first. In this tutorial, I will explain how to use the &#8216;show&#8217; command with the regular expression. Below some examples: To check exactly an [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/10/06/using-regular-expressions-with-the-show-command/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Cisco regular expressions</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/09/29/cisco-regular-expressions/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/09/29/cisco-regular-expressions/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Sep 2010 06:14:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Regular expressions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=801</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The origins of regular expressions lie in automata theory and formal language theory, both of which are part of theoretical computer science. These fields study models of computation (automata) and ways to describe and classify formal languages. In the 1950s, mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene described these models using his mathematical notation called regular sets. The SNOBOL language was an early implementation of pattern matching, but not identical to regular expressions. Ken Thompson built Kleene&#8217;s notation into the editor QED as a means to match patterns in text files. A regular expression is entered as part of a command and is [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/09/29/cisco-regular-expressions/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Hub &amp; Spoke: an example of VRF-Lite</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/07/13/hub-spoke-an-example-of-vrf-lite/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/07/13/hub-spoke-an-example-of-vrf-lite/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Jul 2010 10:00:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VRF]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=784</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[VRF is an extension of IP routing that provides multiple routing instances. It provides a separate IP routing and forwarding table to each VPN and is used in concert with MP-iBGP (Multi-Protocol internal BGP) between provider equipment (PE) routers to provide Layer 3 MPLS-VPN. However, ML-Series VRF implementation is without MP-iBGP. With VRF Lite, the ML Series is considered a PE-extension or a customer equipment (CE)-extension. VRF Lite is considered a PE-extension since its has VRF (but without MP-iBGP), and it is considered a CE-extension since this CE can have multiple VRFs and serves many customer with one CE box.  [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/07/13/hub-spoke-an-example-of-vrf-lite/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Smartports Macros: a useful command</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/03/12/smartports-macros-a-useful-command/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/03/12/smartports-macros-a-useful-command/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Mar 2010 12:50:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Smartports Macros]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=765</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Working in a datacenter, it is often required to apply the same intereface configuration on many ports; Cisco has an embedded useful command to do it: the smartports macros. Smartports macros provide a convenient way to save and share common configurations. You can use Smartports macros to enable features and settings based on the location of a switch in the network and for mass configuration deployments across the network. Each Smartports macro is a set of CLI commands that you define. Smartports macros do not contain new CLI commands; they are simply a group of existing CLI commands. When you apply a [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/03/12/smartports-macros-a-useful-command/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to use archive command to save configuration</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/01/08/how-to-use-archive-command-to-save-configuration/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/01/08/how-to-use-archive-command-to-save-configuration/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Jan 2010 07:20:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Archive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=755</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In a large/critical network, it is fundamental backup the Cisco configuration for two reasons: Rollback configuration Restore configuration in case of a broken router There are two ways to backup: manually (using write command each time that you would save running configuration) or automatically (using software like Ciscoworks, HP OpenView, &#8230; ). In this tutorial, I would explain a different method to backup configuration: the archive command. Introduced into Cisco IOS Release 12.3(4)T, the archive command permits to save a copy of the current running configuration to different path: ftp, http, https, rcp, scp, tftp servers. Moreover the archive command has [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2010/01/08/how-to-use-archive-command-to-save-configuration/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Slow ADSL with 12.4 IOS version?!</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/11/05/slow-adsl-with-12-4-ios-version/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/11/05/slow-adsl-with-12-4-ios-version/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2009 22:25:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ADSL]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=739</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Recently, I have upgraded my Cisco 2650XM from 12.3 to 12.4 version; I use it to connect my PC to Internet, but something goes wrong. After the upgrading, I have tried to downlad an ISO image but the speed was very low (about 300KB/s and not 700KB/s). Mhhh this is strange! I have begun the troubleshooting but no error, no warning message. So I have reset my current configuration, but nothing&#8230; no real improvement. Fortunately my better friend (google hihihi) help me and I have found how to fix the &#8216;download speed&#8217;: define manually the &#8216;clockrate&#8217; into the atm interface!   Ciscozine(config-if)#clock rate [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/11/05/slow-adsl-with-12-4-ios-version/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>CoPP?! What is that?</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/07/22/copp-what-is-that/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/07/22/copp-what-is-that/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2009 15:57:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[QOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Secure a router]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=722</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Cisco Network Foundation Protection (NFP) is an umbrella strategy encompassing Cisco IOS Security features that provides the tools, technologies, and services that enable organizations to secure their network foundations. NFP helps to establish a methodical approach to protecting router planes, forming the foundation for continuous service delivery. The router is typically segmented into three planes of operation, each with a clearly identified objective: the data plane allows the ability to forward data packets the control plane allows the ability to route data correctly the management plane allows the ability to manage network elements. The vast majority of packets handled by [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/07/22/copp-what-is-that/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>OSPF Virtual Link</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/07/01/ospf-virtual-link/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/07/01/ospf-virtual-link/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2009 11:53:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSPF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Routing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=717</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol, defined in RFC 2328, is an Interior Gateway Protocol used to distribute routing information within a single Autonomous System. The OSPF protocol is based on link-state technology, which is a departure from the Bellman-Ford vector based algorithms used in traditional Internet routing protocols such as RIP. OSPF has introduced new concepts such as authentication of routing updates, Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM), route summarization, and so forth. An OSPF network can be divided into sub-domains called areas. An area is a logical collection of OSPF networks, routers, and links that have the same [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/07/01/ospf-virtual-link/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Have you never seen a Cisco crash?</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/06/22/have-you-never-seen-a-cisco-crash/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/06/22/have-you-never-seen-a-cisco-crash/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2009 07:47:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hidden commands]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=714</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It is not common see a Cisco crash: Software forced crash, Bus Error, Software watchdog timeout, and so on&#8230; But if you would do it, there is a pretty trick : it&#8217;s the &#8220;test crash&#8221; command, an hidden IOS command. This can help you if you are lucky enough to have the real crash exactly like one of those you can test with “test crash” command. Below, the test crash menu: Ciscozine#test crash WARNING: Command selections marked with '(crash router)' will crash          router when issued. However a selection 'C' will need to          be issued IMMEDIATELY before these selections [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/06/22/have-you-never-seen-a-cisco-crash/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Tips for securing Cisco administrative access</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/04/16/tips-for-securing-cisco-administrative-access/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/04/16/tips-for-securing-cisco-administrative-access/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2009 20:57:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Secure a router]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=696</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In this article I would explain some tips for securing Cisco administrative access. When creating passwords, keep these rules in mind: Make passwords lengthy Passwords should combine letters, numbers, and symbols. Passwords should not use dictionary words Change passwords as often as possible Strong passwords are the primary defense against unauthorized access to your router. The best way to manage passwords is to maintain them on an AAA server, but not all people can have/manage a AAA server. Cisco provides a number of enhanced features that allow you to increase the security of your passwords. For the basic configuration read [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/04/16/tips-for-securing-cisco-administrative-access/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to protect against BPDU attack</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/03/17/how-to-protect-against-bpdu-attack/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/03/17/how-to-protect-against-bpdu-attack/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2009 17:04:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Secure a router]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spanning-Tree]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=692</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The spanning-tree protocol is used to cut loops that redundant links create in bridge networks. These packets are not attested by the system, so an attacker could spoof the BPDU and compromise the network stability! See below to understand BPDU attack: In this example the Ciscozine1 switch is elected Root Bridge due to the lower MAC-address (suppose that all the switches have the same priority).   What happen if an attacker (in this instance a laptop) spoof a BPDU with a lower priority?   The attacker (red laptop) will be the new root bridge and the spanning-tree topology change. See the [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/03/17/how-to-protect-against-bpdu-attack/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Protecting against MAC flooding attack</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/01/05/protecting-against-mac-flooding-attack/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/01/05/protecting-against-mac-flooding-attack/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2009 21:34:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flooding attack]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=644</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In a typical MAC flooding attack, a switch is flooded with packets, each containing different source MAC addresses. The intention is to consume the limited memory set aside in the switch to store the MAC address-to-physical port translation table. The result of this attack causes the switch to enter a state called failopen mode, in which all incoming packets are broadcast out on all ports (as with a hub), instead of just down the correct port as per normal operation. A malicious user could then use a packet sniffer running in promiscuous mode to capture sensitive data from other computers, [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2009/01/05/protecting-against-mac-flooding-attack/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>IOS Scripting with Tcl</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/12/13/ios-scripting-with-tcl/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/12/13/ios-scripting-with-tcl/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 13 Dec 2008 18:04:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tcl]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=608</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Discovered during Cisco CCNP course, Tcl (originally from &#8220;Tool Command Language&#8220;) is a scripting language created by John Ousterhout and introduced from IOS version 12.3(2)T. But what is Cisco Tcl? The Cisco IOS Tcl shell was designed to allow customers to run Tcl commands directly from the Cisco IOS CLI prompt. Cisco IOS software does contain some subsystems such as Embedded Syslog Manager (ESM) and Interactive Voice Response (IVR) that use Tcl interpreters as part of their implementation. These subsystems have their own proprietary commands and keyword options that are not available in the Tcl shell. Several methods have been [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/12/13/ios-scripting-with-tcl/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Configuring Link Aggregation with EtherChannel</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/11/04/configuring-link-aggregation-with-etherchannel/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/11/04/configuring-link-aggregation-with-etherchannel/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Nov 2008 17:45:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Etherchannel]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=505</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[EtherChannel bundles individual Ethernet links into a single logical link that provides bandwidth up to 1600 Mbps (Fast EtherChannel, full duplex) or 16 Gbps (Gigabit EtherChannel) between two Cisco Catalyst switches. All interfaces in each EtherChannel must be the same speed and duplex, and both ends of the channel must be configured as either a Layer 2 or Layer 3 interface. If a link within the EtherChannel bundle fails, traffic previously carried over the failed link is carried over the remaining links within the EtherChannel. There are two protocols used for the link aggregation: Cisco’s proprietary Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP). [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/11/04/configuring-link-aggregation-with-etherchannel/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to optimize HSRP</title>
		<link>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/11/01/how-to-optimize-hsrp/</link>
		<comments>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/11/01/how-to-optimize-hsrp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Nov 2008 17:10:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fabio Semperboni</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tutorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advanced configuration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[High Availability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HSRP]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ciscozine.com/?p=489</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As you see in the article “Implementing High Availability with HSRP“, it is quite simple configure Hot Standby Router Protocol. Some cases require a custom configuration, using priority, track, preempt etc…and these are: The standby preempt interface configuration command allows the router to become the active router when its priority is higher than all other HSRP-configured routers in this Hot Standby group. The configurations of both routers include this command so that each router can be the standby router for the other router. If you do not use the standby preempt command in the configuration for a router, that router [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.ciscozine.com/2008/11/01/how-to-optimize-hsrp/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
	</channel>
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